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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access published online on January 4, 2007
Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl159
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Task-Related Modulation of Early Cortical Responses during Language Production: An Event-Related Synthetic Aperture Magnetometry Study

Anthony T. Herdman1, Elizabeth W. Pang2, Volker Ressel3, William Gaetz4 and Douglas Cheyne4

1 Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada, 2 Division of Neurology and Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 3 Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 4 Departments of Diagnostic Imaging and Medical Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Address correspondence to Dr Elizabeth W. Pang, PhD, Division of Neurology and Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. Email: elizabeth.pang{at}utoronto.ca.

We used whole-head magnetoencephalography measurements to investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of neural activity related to language production. Eight participants overtly responded by repeating aloud or vocalizing an internally generated verb to auditorily or visually presented nouns. Activity peaked within primary sensory (auditory or visual) cortices between 75 and 130 ms after stimulus onset, association cortices (inferior and superior temporal gyri) between 130 and 170 ms, and inferior frontal and premotor areas between 150 and 240 ms. Common to auditory and visual modalities, peak activity at about 220 ms was significantly larger in bilateral inferior frontal and left precentral regions when participants generated a verb than when they repeated a noun. These early differences in frontal regions may reflect the allocation of resources to the processing of low-level perceptions that are projected to the premotor areas early in the preparation of language production.

Key Words: auditory • event-related synthetic aperture magnetometry • language production • magnetoencephalography • visual


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