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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access published online on November 21, 2006
Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl125
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Article

Relationships between IQ and Regional Cortical Gray Matter Thickness in Healthy Adults

Katherine L. Narr 1 *, Roger P. Woods 2, Paul M. Thompson 1, Philip Szeszko 3, Delbert Robinson 3, Teodora Dimtcheva 1, Mala Gurbani 1, Arthur W. Toga 4, and Robert M. Bilder 5

1 Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
2 Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
3 Department of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North-Shore Long Island Jewish Health Systems, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
4 Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
5 Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Katherine L. Narr, E-mail: narr{at}loni.ucla.edu


  Abstract

Prior studies show positive correlations between full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) and cerebral gray matter measures. Few imaging studies have addressed whether general intelligence is related to regional variations in brain tissue and the associated influences of sex. Cortical thickness may more closely reflect cytoarchitectural characteristics than gray matter density or volume estimates. To identify possible localized relationships, we examined FSIQ associations with cortical thickness at high spatial resolution across the cortex in healthy young adult (age 17-44 years) men (n = 30) and women (n = 35). Positive relationships were found between FSIQ and intracranial gray and white matter but not cerebrospinal fluid volumes. Significant associations with cortical thickness were evident bilaterally in prefrontal (Brodmann's areas [BAs] 10/11, 47) and posterior temporal cortices (BA 36/37) and proximal regions. Sex influenced regional relationships; women showed correlations in prefrontal and temporal association cortices, whereas men exhibited correlations primarily in temporal-occipital association cortices. In healthy adults, greater intelligence is associated with larger intracranial gray matter and to a lesser extent with white matter. Variations in prefrontal and posterior temporal cortical thickness are particularly linked with intellectual ability. Sex moderates regional relationships that may index dimorphisms in cognitive abilities, overall processing strategies, or differences in structural organization.

Keywords: cerebral cortex; cognition; frontal; intelligence; magnetic resonance imaging; sex.
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