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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access published online on May 17, 2006
Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhk038
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Article

Heterosynaptic Facilitation of In Vivo Thalamocortical Long-Term Potentiation in the Adult Rat Visual Cortex by Acetylcholine

Hans C. Dringenberg 1 *, Bana Hamze 1, Amanda Wilson 1, William Speechley 1, and Min-Ching Kuo 1

1 Department of Psychology and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Hans C. Dringenberg, E-mail: dringenb{at}post.queensu.ca


  Abstract

Acetylcholine (ACh) plays a permissive role in developmental plasticity of fibers from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) to the primary visual cortex (V1). These fibers remain plastic and express long-term potentiation (LTP) in adult rodents, but it is not known if ACh modulates this form of plasticity in the mature V1. We show that, in anesthetized rats, theta burst stimulation (TBS) of the LGN using 5 or 40 theta cycles produced moderate (~20%) and stronger (~40%) potentiation, respectively, of field postsynaptic potentials recorded in the ipsilateral V1. Basal forebrain stimulation (100 Hz) 5 min after TBS enhanced LTP induced by both weak (5 theta cycles) and strong (40 theta cycles) induction protocols. Both effects were reduced by systemic administration of the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine. Basal forebrain stimulation did not enhance LTP when applied 30 min after or 5 min prior to TBS, suggesting that ACh affects early LTP induction mechanisms. Application of the cholinergic agonist carbachol in V1 by means of reverse microdialysis mimicked the effect of basal forebrain stimulation. We conclude that heterosynaptic facilitation of V1 plasticity by ACh extends beyond early postnatal maturation periods and acts to convert weak potentiation into pronounced, long-lasting increases in synaptic strength.

Keywords: basal forebrain; EEG/ECoG; LTP; neocortex; plasticity; thalamus; vision.
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