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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access published online on December 7, 2005
Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj083
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Article

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Effects on Brain Function and Cognition among Elders with Memory Dysfunction. A Randomized Sham-Controlled Study

Cristina Solé-Padullés 1, David Bartrés-Faz 2 *, Carme Junqué 2, Imma C. Clemente 2, José Luis Molinuevo 3, Núria Bargalló 4, Josep Sánchez-Aldeguer 5, Beatriu Bosch 6, Carles Falcón 7, and Josep Valls-Solé 8

1 Department de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
2 Department de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Servei de Neurologia, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
4 Servei de Radiologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
5 Escola Universitària Gimbernat, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08174 Sant Cugat del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
6 Servei de Neurologia, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
7 Departament de Biofísica Mèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
8 Laboratori d'Exploracions Neurofuncionals, Servei de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
David Bartrés-Faz, E-mail: dbartres{at}ub.edu


  Abstract

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on memory performance and brain activity in elders presenting with subjective memory complaints and a memory performance within the low normal range. Forty participants underwent 2 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions, in which they were administered 2 equivalent face-name memory tasks. Following each fMRI, subjects were asked to pair faces with their corresponding proper name. In-between, high-frequency rTMS was applied randomly using real or sham stimulation in a double-blind design. Only subjects who received active rTMS improved in associative memory significantly. This was accompanied by additional recruitment of right prefrontal and bilaterial posterior cortical regions at the second fMRI session, relative to baseline scanning. Our findings reflect a potentiality of rTMS to recruit compensatory networks, which participate during the memory-encoding process. Present results represent the first evidence that rTMS is capable of transitorily and positively influencing brain function and cognition among elders with memory complaints.

Keywords: associative memory task; face-name memory encoding; functional magnetic resonance imaging; repetive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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