Cerebral Cortex Advance Access published online on July 6, 2004
Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhh126
© 2004 by Oxford University Press
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1 Department of Psychology and Center for Mind and Brain, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Sabunge{at}ucdavis.edu.
The present study examined the contributions of prefrontal cortex (PFC) subregions to two component processes underlying verbal analogical reasoning: semantic retrieval and integration. Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired while subjects performed propositional analogy and semantic decision tasks. On each trial, subjects viewed a pair of words (pair 1), followed by an instructional cue and a second word pair (pair 2). On analogy trials, subjects evaluated whether pair 2 was semantically analogous to pair 1. On semantic trials, subjects indicated whether the pair 2 words were semantically related to each other. Thus, analogy -- but not semantic -- trials required integration across multiple retrieved relations. To identify regions involved in semantic retrieval, we manipulated the associative strength of pair 1 words in both tasks. Anterior left inferior PFC (aLIPC) was modulated by associative strength, consistent with a role in controlled semantic retrieval. Left frontopolar cortex was insensitive to associative strength, but was more sensitive to integration demands than was aLIPC, consistent with a role in integrating the products of semantic retrieval to evaluate whether distinct representations are analogous. Right dorsolateral PFC exhibited a profile consistent with a role in response selection rather than retrieval or integration. These findings indicate that verbal analogical reasoning depends on multiple, PFC-mediated computations.
Article
Analogical Reasoning and Prefrontal Cortex: Evidence for Separable Retrieval and Integration Mechanisms
2 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
3 Department of Psychology and Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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