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Cerebral Cortex, Vol. 9, No. 5, 445-458, July 1999
© 1999 Oxford University Press

Electrophysiological Studies of Human Face Perception. III: Effects of Top-down Processing on Face-specific Potentials

Aina Puce1, Truett Allison and Gregory McCarthy2

Neuropsychology Laboratory, VA Medical Center, West Haven, CT 06516 and Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA

This is the last in a series of papers dealing with intracranial event-related potential (ERP) correlates of face perception. Here we describe the results of manipulations that may exert top-down influences on face recognition and face-specific ERPs, and the effects of cortical stimulation at face-specific sites. Ventral facespecific N200 was not evoked by affective stimuli; showed little or no habituation; was not affected by the familiarity or unfamiliarity of faces; showed no semantic priming; and was not affected by face-name learning or identification. P290 and N700 were affected by semantic priming and by face-name learning and identification. The early fraction of N700 and face-specific P350 exhibited significant habituation. About half of the AP350 sites exhibited semantic priming, whereas the VP350 and LP350 sites did not. Cortical stimulation evoked a transient inability to name familiar faces or evoked face-related hallucinations at two-thirds of facespecific N200 sites. These results are discussed in relation to human behavioral studies and monkey single-cell recordings. Discussion of results of all three papers concludes that: face-specific N200 reflects the operation of a module specialized for the perception of human faces; ventral and lateral occipitotemporal cortex are composed of a complex mosaic of functionally discrete patches of cortex of variable number, size and location; in ventral cortex there is a posterior-to-anterior trend in the location of patches in the order letter-strings, form, hands, objects, faces and face parts; P290 and N700 at face-specific N200 sites, and face-specific P350, are subject to top-down influences.

1 Current address: Brain Sciences Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia

2 Current address: Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Box 3808, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA


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