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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on December 10, 2008
Cerebral Cortex 2009 19(8):1937-1951; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn220
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© 2008 The Authors
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Differential Expression Patterns of occ1-Related Genes in Adult Monkey Visual Cortex

Toru Takahata1,3, Yusuke Komatsu1, Akiya Watakabe1, Tsutomu Hashikawa2, Shiro Tochitani1,4 and Tetsuo Yamamori1

1 Division of Brain Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan, 2 Laboratory for Neural Architecture, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, 3 Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA, 4 Department of Anatomy and Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan

Address correspondence to Tetsuo Yamamori, Division of Brain Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan. Email: yamamori{at}nibb.ac.jp.

We have previously revealed that occ1 is preferentially expressed in the primary visual area (V1) of the monkey neocortex. In our attempt to identify more area-selective genes in the macaque neocortex, we found that testican-1, an occ1-related gene, and its family members also exhibit characteristic expression patterns along the visual pathway. The expression levels of testican-1 and testican-2 mRNAs as well as that of occ1 mRNA start of high in V1, progressively decrease along the ventral visual pathway, and end of low in the temporal areas. Complementary to them, the neuronal expression of SPARC mRNA is abundant in the association areas and scarce in V1. Whereas occ1, testican-1, and testican-2 mRNAs are preferentially distributed in thalamorecipient layers including "blobs," SPARC mRNA expression avoids these layers. Neither SC1 nor testican-3 mRNA expression is selective to particular areas, but SC1 mRNA is abundantly observed in blobs. The expressions of occ1, testican-1, testican-2, and SC1 mRNA were downregulated after monocular tetrodotoxin injection. These results resonate with previous works on chemical and functional gradients along the primate occipitotemporal visual pathway and raise the possibility that these gradients and functional architecture may be related to the visual activity–dependent expression of these extracellular matrix glycoproteins.

Key Words: extracellular matrix • follistatin-related protein/TSC-36/FSTL1 • in situ hybridization • monocular deprivation • RLCS


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