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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on August 28, 2007
Cerebral Cortex 2008 18(5):1148-1159; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm147
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Decomposing the Neural Correlates of Antisaccade Eye Movements Using Event-Related fMRI

Ulrich Ettinger1, Dominic H. ffytche1, Veena Kumari2, Norbert Kathmann3, Benedikt Reuter3, Fernando Zelaya1 and Steven C. R. Williams1

1 Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK, 2 Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK, 3 Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Germany

Address correspondence to Ulrich Ettinger, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, PO Box 89, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK. Email: u.ettinger{at}iop.kcl.ac.uk.

The antisaccade task is a model of the conflict between an unwanted reflexive response (which must be inhibited) and a complex volitional response (which must be generated). The present experiment aimed to investigate separately the neural correlates of these cognitive components using a delayed saccade paradigm to dissociate saccade inhibition from generation. Seventeen healthy volunteers completed event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 T during saccades to and away from a peripheral visual target (prosaccades and antisaccades, respectively). Saccades were requested in response to an auditory go signal on average 12 s after peripheral target appearance. It was found that the right supramarginal gyrus showed significantly greater activation during the inhibition phase than the generation phase of the paradigm for both antisaccade and prosaccade trials, suggesting a role in saccade inhibition or stimulus detection. On the other hand, the right lateral frontal eye field and bilateral intraparietal sulcus showed evidence of selective involvement in antisaccade generation. Ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices showed comparable levels of activation in both phases of the task. These areas likely fulfill a more general supervisory role in the volitional control of eye movements, such as stimulus appraisal, task set, and decision making.

Key Words: cognition • frontal • human • infrared oculography • neuroimaging • oculomotor • parietal


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