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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on June 29, 2005
Cerebral Cortex 2006 16(4):469-474; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhi126
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Activation Shift from Medial to Lateral Temporal Cortex Associated with Recency Judgements Following Impoverished Encoding

Seiki Konishi, Tomoki Asari, Koji Jimura, Junichi Chikazoe and Yasushi Miyashita

Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan

Address correspondence to: Dr Seiki Konishi, Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan. Email: konishi{at}m.u-tokyo.ac.jp.

Recency judgements can be performed on the basis of across-event relational information that directly provides temporal order among past events. Non-relational item-based information internal to individual past events, such as information retrieved through familiarity, may also contribute to recency judgements. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging study examined neural substrates for item-based processing during recency judgements as an alternative to relational recency judgements. One half of word stimuli were encoded relationally prior to recency judgements, and the relational encoding of the other half was hampered such that the words were processed relatively in an item-based manner. Brain activity in the medial temporal lobe was observed during recency judgements for words studied with relational memory processing, whereas brain activity in the lateral temporal cortex was observed during recency judgements for words studied relatively in an item-based manner. It was revealed further that recognition of individual words per se, which can also be regarded as familiarity/recency judgements but is non-relational in nature, also activated the lateral temporal region. These results indicate multiple routes for recency judgements within the temporal lobe that are recruited depending on how past episodes are represented and retrieved for judgements of their temporal order.

Key Words: episodic • memory • recency • retrieval • semantic • temporal


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