Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on December 22, 2004
Cerebral Cortex 2005 15(8):1198-1206; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhi002
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© Oxford University Press 2005; all rights reserved
Simultaneous Representation of Saccade Targets and Visual Onsets in Monkey Lateral Intraparietal Area
1 Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Institutes of Health, 2 Center for Neurobiology and Behavior and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, 3 MRC-Cognition and Brain Science Unit and 4 Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University
Address correspondence to Jacqueline Gottlieb, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. Email: jg2141{at}columbia.edu
The monkey's lateral intraparietal area (LIP) has been associated with attention and saccades. LIP neurons have visual on-responses to objects abruptly appearing in their receptive fields (RFs) and sustained activity preceding saccades to the RF. We studied the relationship between the on-responses and delay activity in LIP using a ‘stable-array’ task. Monkeys viewed eight distinct, continuously illuminated objects, arranged in a circle with at least one object in the RF. A cue flashed instructing the monkey to make a saccade, after a delay, to the stable object physically matching the cue. The location of the cue was fixed in trial blocks, either in or out of the RF. If the cue was outside the RF, neurons developed delay-period activity tuned for the direction of the saccade target at 
190 ms after cue onset. If the cue appeared in the RF, neurons initially responded to cue onset and developed tuning for saccade direction only toward the end of the delay period, 390 ms after cue onset. The cue- and saccade-target responses coexisted throughout a significant portion of the delay period. The results show that visual-on responses and delay-period activity in LIP are functionally separable, and that, although highly selective, the salience representation in LIP can contain more than one object at a time.
Key Words: attention • lateral intraparietal area • parallel representation • parietal cortex • saccades
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