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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on September 1, 2004
Cerebral Cortex 2005 15(5):588-593; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhh160
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Cerebral Cortex V 15 N 5 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved

Kinematically Specific Interhemispheric Inhibition Operating in the Process of Generation of a Voluntary Movement

J. Duque1,2, R. Mazzocchio1,3, J. Dambrosia1, N. Murase1,4, E. Olivier2 and L.G. Cohen1

1 Human Cortical Physiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA, 2 Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium, 3 Sezione di Neurofisiologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche e del Comportamento, Universita' di Siena, Italy and 4 Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Faculty of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan

Address correspondence to Dr Leonardo G. Cohen, Human Cortical Physiology Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA. Email: cohenl{at}ninds.nih.gov.

Unilateral hand movements are accompanied by a transient decrease in corticospinal (CS) excitability of muscles in the opposite hand. However, the rules that govern this phenomenon are not completely understood. We measured the amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEP) in the left first dorsal interosseus (FDI) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex in order to assess CS excitability changes that preceded eight possible combinations of unilateral and bilateral index finger movements with different right hand positions. Left FDI MEP amplitude (MEPLeft FDI) increased when this muscle acted as an agonist and tended to decrease when it was an antagonist. Additionally, MEPLeft FDI decreased substantially before right index finger abduction (a movement mediated by the right FDI) when both hands were lying flat (a movement mirroring left index finger abduction) but not when the right hand was turned at 90° or flat with the palm up. Therefore, CS excitability of the resting FDI was differentially modulated depending on the direction of the opposite index finger movement, regardless of muscles engaged in the task. These results indicate that inhibitory interactions preceding unilateral finger movements are determined by movement kinematics possibly to counteract the default production of mirror motions.

Key Words: bimanual • interhemispheric inhibition • mirror movement • motor control • unimanual


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