Cerebral Cortex, Vol. 12, No. 10, 1048-1056,
October 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press
Brain Activity Underlying Encoding and Retrieval of Source Memory
Laboratory of NeuroCognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico, , 1 Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium, , 2 Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Neurology and , 3 Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University College London, UK
Address correspondence to Selene Cansino, Laboratory of Neuro-Cognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Apartado Postal 25-308, Mexico DF, 03421 Mexico. Email: selene{at}servidor.unam.mx.
Neural activity elicited during the encoding and retrieval of source information was investigated with event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (efMRI). During encoding, 17 subjects performed a natural/artificial judgement on pictures of common objects which were presented randomly in one of the four quadrants of the display. At retrieval, old pictures were mixed with new ones and subjects judged whether each picture was new or old and, if old, indicated in which quadrant it was presented at encoding. During encoding, study items that were later recognized and assigned a correct source judgement elicited greater activity than recognized items given incorrect judgements in a variety of regions, including right lateral occipital and left prefrontal cortex. At retrieval, regions showing greater activity for recognized items given correct versus incorrect source judgements included the right hippocampal formation and the left prefrontal cortex. These findings indicate a role for these regions in the encoding and retrieval of episodic information beyond that required for simple item recognition.
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