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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access published online on May 29, 2009
Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp100
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© 2009 The Authors
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Tis21 Expression Marks Not Only Populations of Neurogenic Precursor Cells but Also New Postmitotic Neurons in Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Alessio Attardo1,4, Klaus Fabel2,3, Julia Krebs2,3, Wulf Haubensak5, Wieland B. Huttner1 and Gerd Kempermann2

1 Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany, 2 Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Genomics of Regeneration, 01307 Dresden, Germany, 3 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany

Address correspondence to email: gerd.kempermann{at}crt.dresden.de.

During embryonic cortical development, expression of Tis21 is associated with cell cycle lengthening and neurogenic divisions of progenitor cells. We here investigated if the expression pattern of Tis21 also correlates with the generation of new neurons in the adult hippocampus. We used Tis21 knock-in mice expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) and studied Tis21-GFP expression together with markers of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in newly generated cells. We found that Tis21-GFP 1) was absent from the radial glia–like putative stem cells (type-1 cells), 2) first appeared in transient amplifying progenitor cells (type-2 and 3 cells), 3) did not colocalize with markers of early postmitotic maturation stage, 4) was expressed again in maturing neurons, and 5) finally decreased in mature granule cells. Our data show that, in the course of adult neurogenesis, Tis21 is expressed in a phase additional to the one of the embryonic neurogenesis. This additional phase of expression might be associated with a new and different function of Tis21 than during embryonic brain development, where no Tis21 is expressed in mature neurons. We hypothesize that this function is related to the final functional integration of the newborn neurons. Tis21 can thus serve as new marker for key stages of adult neurogenesis.

Key Words: dentate gyrus • mouse • neural stem cell • precursor cell

4 Current address: Department of Biological Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA

5 Current address: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA

Alessio Attardo, Klaus Fabel, Wieland B. Hunter and Gerd Kempermann have contributed equally to this study.


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