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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access published online on January 8, 2009
Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn238
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Excitatory GABAergic Activation of Cortical Dividing Glial Cells

Yuichi Tanaka, Yusuke Tozuka, Tetsuo Takata, Naoyuki Shimazu, Naoto Matsumura, Aya Ohta and Tatsuhiro Hisatsune

Department of Integrated Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan

Address correspondence to Tatsuhiro Hisatsune, PhD, Department of Integrated Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bioscience Building 402, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan. Email: hisatsune{at}k.u-tokyo.ac.jp.

Adult neocortex contains dividing satellite glia population even though their characteristics and functions have still remained unknown. Nestin+/NG2+ cells as major fraction of dividing glial cells express bicuculline-sensitive {gamma}-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors and receive GABAergic inputs. Due to their high [Cl–]i, GABAergic activation depolarized the cells and then induced Ca2+ influx into them. To assess an effect of this GABAergic excitation, we looked for the expression of neurotrophic factors. Among them, we detected the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on the cells. The level of BDNF expression was elevated after cortical ischemia, and this elevation was blocked by bumetanide, an inhibitor for NKCC1 that blocks the GABAergic depolarization. Furthermore, performing a modified adhesive removal test, we observed that the treatment of bumetanide significantly attenuated the recovery in somatosensory dysfunction. Our results may shed a light on satellite glia population in the cortex and imply their roles in the functional recovery after ischemic injuries.

Key Words: BDNF • functional recovery • GABAergic depolarization • glial cells • neuron–glia interaction

Yuichi Tanaka and Yusuke Tozuka have contributed equally to this work.


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