Cerebral Cortex, Vol 8, 397-406, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
CM Leonard, C Puranik, JM Kuldau and LJ Lombardino
Interpersonal communication via the auditory modality is fundamental to
normal human development. One of the prominent anatomical specializations
supporting this communication is the transverse gyrus of Heschl on the
superior surface of the temporal lobe. This gyrus frequently appears
duplicated, either by a sulcus indenting the crown of an initially single
gyrus (common stem), or by a complete posterior duplication. The frequency
of these duplications has been reported to be elevated in populations with
learning disabilities and genetic anomalies. The significance of this
observation is unclear, however, due to conflicting reports of the base
rate of duplication and the location of relevant sulcal landmarks. In this
study we report the variation in frequency and location of the sulcal
boundaries of Heschl's gyrus in volumetric magnetic resonance imaging scans
of 105 normal controls aged 5-65. The major results were as follows: (i)
duplications were unstable--the frequency of duplication ranged from 20 to
60% depending on distance from the midline; (ii) common stem duplications
were more frequent than posterior duplications, particularly in the right
hemisphere. Intra- and interindividual instability in sulcal landmarks pose
serious obstacles to the attempt to map behavioral function onto the brain.
Novel methods for dealing with structural variation are needed to
facilitate the development of valid mapping techniques.
ARTICLES
Normal variation in the frequency and location of human auditory cortex landmarks. Heschl's gyrus: where is it?
Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA. leonard@ufbi.ufl.edu
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