Cerebral Cortex, Vol 8, 1-10, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
RA Poldrack, JE Desmond, GH Glover and JD Gabrieli
The learning of perceptual skills is thought to rely upon multiple regions
in the cerebral cortex, but imaging studies have not yet provided evidence
about the changes in neural activity that accompany visual skill learning.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine changes in
activation of posterior brain regions associated with the acquisition of
mirror-reading skill for novel and practiced stimuli. Multiple regions in
the occipital lobe, inferior temporal cortex, superior parietal cortex and
cerebellum were involved in the reading of mirror-reversed compared to
normally oriented text. For novel stimuli, skilled mirror-reading was
associated with decreased activation in the right superior parietal cortex
and posterior occipital regions and increased activation in the left
inferior temporal lobe. These results suggest that learning to read mirror-
reversed text involves a progression from visuospatial transformation to
direct recognition of transformed letters. Reading practiced, relative to
unpracticed, stimuli was associated with decreased activation in occipital
visual cortices, inferior temporal cortex and superior parietal cortex and
increased activation in occipito-parietal and lateral temporal regions. By
examining skill learning and item- specific repetition priming in the same
task, this study demonstrates that both of these forms of learning exhibit
shifts in the set of neural structures that contribute to performance.
ARTICLES
The neural basis of visual skill learning: an fMRI study of mirror reading
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, CA 94305-2130, USA. poldrack@psych.stanford.edu
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  R. Ilg, A. M. Wohlschlager, C. Gaser, Y. Liebau, R. Dauner, A. Woller, C. Zimmer, J. Zihl, and M. Muhlau Gray Matter Increase Induced by Practice Correlates with Task-Specific Activation: A Combined Functional and Morphometric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study J. Neurosci., April 16, 2008; 28(16): 4210 - 4215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. S. Marshall, J. J. Ferrera, A. Barnes, Xian Zhang, K. A. O'Brien, M. Chmayssani, J. Hirsch, and R. M. Lazar Brain Activity Associated With Stimulation Therapy of the Visual Borderzone in Hemianopic Stroke Patients Neurorehabil Neural Repair, April 1, 2008; 22(2): 136 - 144. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Xue and R. A. Poldrack The neural substrates of visual perceptual learning of words: implications for the visual word form area hypothesis. J. Cogn. Neurosci., October 1, 2007; 19(10): 1643 - 1655. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Ryan and D. Schnyer Regional Specificity of Format-Specific Priming Effects in Mirror Word Reading Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cereb Cortex, April 1, 2007; 17(4): 982 - 992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. I. Erickson, S. J. Colcombe, R. Wadhwa, L. Bherer, M. S. Peterson, P. E. Scalf, J. S. Kim, M. Alvarado, and A. F. Kramer Training-Induced Functional Activation Changes in Dual-Task Processing: An fMRI Study Cereb Cortex, January 1, 2007; 17(1): 192 - 204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. C. Kelly and H. Garavan Human Functional Neuroimaging of Brain Changes Associated with Practice Cereb Cortex, August 1, 2005; 15(8): 1089 - 1102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Poldrack, F. W. Sabb, K. Foerde, S. M. Tom, R. F. Asarnow, S. Y. Bookheimer, and B. J. Knowlton The Neural Correlates of Motor Skill Automaticity J. Neurosci., June 1, 2005; 25(22): 5356 - 5364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C. Eliassen, T. Souza, and J. N. Sanes Experience-Dependent Activation Patterns in Human Brain during Visual-Motor Associative Learning J. Neurosci., November 19, 2003; 23(33): 10540 - 10547. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Tracy, A. Flanders, S. Madi, J. Laskas, E. Stoddard, A. Pyrros, P. Natale, and N. DelVecchio Regional Brain Activation Associated with Different Performance Patterns during Learning of a Complex Motor Skill Cereb Cortex, September 1, 2003; 13(9): 904 - 910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Cornelissen, M. Laine, A. Tarkiainen, T. Jarvensivu, N. Martin, and R. Salmelin Adult Brain Plasticity Elicited by Anomia Treatment J. Cogn. Neurosci., April 1, 2003; 15(3): 444 - 461. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Schwartz, P. Maquet, and C. Frith Neural correlates of perceptual learning: A functional MRI study of visual texture discrimination PNAS, December 24, 2002; 99(26): 17137 - 17142. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Schmidtke, H. Manner, R. Kaufmann, and H. Schmolck Cognitive Procedural Learning in Patients With Fronto-Striatal Lesions Learn. Mem., November 1, 2002; 9(6): 419 - 429. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. B. Willingham, J. Salidis, and J. D.E. Gabrieli Direct Comparison of Neural Systems Mediating Conscious and Unconscious Skill Learning J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2002; 88(3): 1451 - 1460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Staffen, A. Mair, H. Zauner, J. Unterrainer, H. Niederhofer, A. Kutzelnigg, S. Ritter, S. Golaszewski, B. Iglseder, and G. Ladurner Cognitive function and fMRI in patients with multiple sclerosis: evidence for compensatory cortical activation during an attention task Brain, June 1, 2002; 125(6): 1275 - 1282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Poldrack Neural systems for perceptual skill learning. Behav Cogn Neurosci Rev, March 1, 2002; 1(1): 76 - 83. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Westen, G. O. Gabbard, D. Westen, and G. O. Gabbard Developments in Cognitive Neuroscience: I. Conflict, Compromise, and Connectionism J Am Psychoanal Assoc, March 1, 2002; 50(1): 53 - 98. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Jansma, N. F. Ramsey, H. A. Slagter, and R. S. Kahn Functional Anatomical Correlates of Controlled and Automatic Processing J. Cogn. Neurosci., August 1, 2001; 13(6): 730 - 743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. P. Dhond, R. L. Buckner, A. M. Dale, K. Marinkovic, and E. Halgren Spatiotemporal Maps of Brain Activity Underlying Word Generation and Their Modification during Repetition Priming J. Neurosci., May 15, 2001; 21(10): 3564 - 3571. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Poldrack and J. D. E. Gabrieli Characterizing the neural mechanisms of skill learning and repetition priming: Evidence from mirror reading Brain, January 1, 2001; 124(1): 67 - 82. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Cabeza and L. Nyberg Imaging Cognition II: An Empirical Review of 275 PET and fMRI Studies J. Cogn. Neurosci., January 1, 2000; 12(1): 1 - 47. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Fletcher, C. Buchel, O. Josephs, K. Friston, and R. Dolan Learning-related Neuronal Responses in Prefrontal Cortex Studied with Functional Neuroimaging Cereb Cortex, March 1, 1999; 9(2): 168 - 178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Sobel, V. Prabhakaran, C. A. Hartley, J. E. Desmond, Z. Zhao, G. H. Glover, J. D.E. Gabrieli, and E. V. Sullivan Odorant-Induced and Sniff-Induced Activation in the Cerebellum of the Human J. Neurosci., November 1, 1998; 18(21): 8990 - 9001. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|