Cerebral Cortex, Vol 7, 619-634, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
J De Felipe, P Marco, A Fairen and EG Jones
It is widely believed that inhibitory synapses are not present or present
in only small numbers in the rodent cerebral cortex during the early
postnatal period when the cortex is being innervated by thalamocortical
fibers. Quantitative electron microscopy was carried out on the
posteromedial barrel subfield of mouse somatosensory cortex from postnatal
day 4 (P4) when thalamocortical innervation of the barrels is becoming
established, through to sexual maturity (>P32), and in adulthood. Both
asymmetrical (putatively excitatory) and symmetrical (putatively
inhibitory) synapses were present in all layers from P4. The symmetrical
synapses were immunoreactive for GABA at all ages. There was a progressive
increase in both asymmetrical and symmetrical synapses up to P32, density
in all layers increasing 16-fold, with the production of asymmetrical
synapses leading and greatly outstripping that of symmetrical. From P32 to
P120, the oldest age studied, synaptic numbers declined by 18% to 13 times
the P4 level, but this affected predominantly layers II/III, IV and V, and
mainly involved asymmetrical synapses. The relative percentage of
asymmetrical to symmetrical synapses from P4 to P8 was 57%/43% but at P32
it was 89.5%/10.5% and in adulthood 85.4%/14.6%. These data indicate that
inhibitory synaptogenesis in the rodent cortex begins earlier than
previously thought, a basis for inhibition being present from the earliest
period. Pruning of all synapses occurs well after thalamocortical
innervation is established and inhibitory synapses are less affected by the
pruning process.
ARTICLES
Inhibitory synaptogenesis in mouse somatosensory cortex
Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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