Cerebral Cortex, Vol 7, 237-252, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
DJ Amit and N Brunel
We investigate self-sustaining stable states (attractors) in networks of
integrate-and-fire neurons. First, we study the stability of spontaneous
activity in an unstructured network. It is shown that the stochastic
background activity, of 1-5 spikes/s, is unstable if all neurons are
excitatory. On the other hand, spontaneous activity becomes
self-stabilizing in presence of local inhibition, given reasonable values
of the parameters of the network. Second, in a network sustaining
physiological spontaneous rates, we study the effect of learning in a local
module, expressed in synaptic modifications in specific populations of
synapses. We find that if the average synaptic potentiation (LTP) is too
low, no stimulus specific activity manifests itself in the delay period.
Instead, following the presentation and removal of any stimulus there is,
in the local module, a delay activity in which all neurons selective
(responding visually) to any of the stimuli presented for learning have
rates which gradually increase with the amplitude of synaptic potentiation.
When the average LTP increases beyond a critical value, specific local
attractors (stable states) appear abruptly against the background of the
global uniform spontaneous attractor. In this case the local module has two
available types of collective delay activity: if the stimulus is
unfamiliar, the activity is spontaneous; if it is similar to a learned
stimulus, delay activity is selective. These new attractors reflect the
synaptic structure developed during learning. In each of them a small
population of neurons have elevated rates, which depend on the strength of
LTP. The remaining neurons of the module have their activity at spontaneous
rates. The predictions made in this paper could be checked by single unit
recordings in delayed response experiments.
ARTICLES
Model of global spontaneous activity and local structured activity during delay periods in the cerebral cortex
Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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