Cerebral Cortex, Vol 7, 143-156, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
GW Huntley
Plasticity of representational maps in adult cerebral cortex has been
documented in both sensory and motor cortex, but the anatomical basis for
cortical plasticity remains poorly understood. To investigate horizontal
connectivity in primary motor cortex (M1) as a putative anatomical
substrate for short-term, functional plasticity of adult motor cortical
representations, a combination of electrical stimulation and biocytin
labeling was used to examine pre-existing patterns of intrinsic connections
in adult rat M1 in relationship to the pattern of reorganization of the
motor movement may induced by transection of the contralateral facial
nerve. Two hours after nerve cut, small, circumscribed regions of the
forelimb representation expanded medially into territory previously devoted
to the vibrissae representation. Outside of this novel, expanded forelimb
region, no forelimb movement could be evoked from the former vibrissae
representation at any time over the period of hours tested, thus
representing silent cortex. Injections placed into vibrissae cortex
representing the newly expanded forelimb representation gave rise to
labeled axons and dense terminal fiber labeling which crossed the
forelimb/vibrissae border and extended up to 1.2 mm within the
low-threshold forelimb representation. In contrast, injections placed into
silent vibrissae cortex gave rise to labeled axons and terminal boutons
which remained mostly restricted to the original vibrissae representation,
with only sparse projections that crossed into the low-threshold forelimb
representation. Thus, these results suggest that the extent of short-term,
functional reorganization of M1 induced within the first several hours
following peripheral nerve cut is mediated, and constrained, by an
anatomical framework of pre-existing, horizontal projections which traverse
representation borders.
ARTICLES
Correlation between patterns of horizontal connectivity and the extend of short-term representational plasticity in rat motor cortex
Fishberg Research Center for Neurobiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
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