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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on April 9, 2009
Cerebral Cortex 2009 19(Supplement 1):i90-i95; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp031
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

This article appears in the following Cerebral Cortex issue: Cortical Development: Neural Stem Cells to Neural Circuits Chania, Greece, May 22-25, 2008 [View the issue table of contents]

Mechanisms Underlying the Specification, Positional Regulation, and Function of the Cortical Hem

Lakshmi Subramanian and Shubha Tole

Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India

Address correspondence to Shubha Tole, PhD, Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India. Email: shubhatole{at}gmail.com.

The cortical hem was first described as a potential signaling center at the telencephalic midline because of an enriched expression of multiple members of the Wnt and Bmp families of morphogens, and its position at the border between the presumptive cortex and the choroid plexus. There is now definitive evidence that the cortical hem is an organizing center in the telencephalon, and that it instructs the formation of the hippocampus. In this review, we present an analysis of the molecular and cellular events that lead to the formation of the cortical hem, and define its position and extent in the telencephalon. This directly controls the positioning of the hippocampus within the telencephalon. We conclude with a summary of the current understanding of the role of the hem as the hippocampal organizer.

Key Words: antihem • cortex • hem • hippocampus • organizer


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