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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on November 13, 2008
Cerebral Cortex 2009 19(7):1567-1582; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn192
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© 2008 The Authors
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The Timing of Feedback to Early Visual Cortex in the Perception of Long-Range Apparent Motion

Michael Wibral1,2, Christoph Bledowski3, Axel Kohler2, Wolf Singer2 and Lars Muckli2,4

1 MEG Unit, Brain Imaging Center (BIC), Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2 Max-Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 3 Institute of Medical Psychology, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 4 Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK

Address correspondence to Michael Wibral, PhD, MEG Unit, Brain Imaging Center, Klinikum J.W. Goethe Universität, Heinrich Hoffmann Strasse 10, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Email: wibral{at}bic.uni-frankfurt.de.

When 2 visual stimuli are presented one after another in different locations, they are often perceived as one, but moving object. Feedback from area human motion complex hMT/V5+ to V1 has been hypothesized to play an important role in this illusory perception of motion. We measured event-related responses to illusory motion stimuli of varying apparent motion (AM) content and retinal location using Electroencephalography. Detectable cortical stimulus processing started around 60-ms poststimulus in area V1. This component was insensitive to AM content and sequential stimulus presentation. Sensitivity to AM content was observed starting around 90 ms post the second stimulus of a sequence and most likely originated in area hMT/V5+. This AM sensitive response was insensitive to retinal stimulus position. The stimulus sequence related response started to be sensitive to retinal stimulus position at a longer latency of 110 ms. We interpret our findings as evidence for feedback from area hMT/V5+ or a related motion processing area to early visual cortices (V1, V2, V3).

Key Words: apparent motion • electroencephalography • event-related potential • feedback • visual illusion


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