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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on January 23, 2009
Cerebral Cortex 2009 19(10):2331-2337; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn250
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Damage to White Matter Fiber Tracts in Acute Spatial Neglect

Hans-Otto Karnath1, Chris Rorden2 and Luca F. Ticini1

1 Section of Neuropsychology, Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, 2 Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA

Address correspondence to Prof. Hans-Otto Karnath, MD, PhD, Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany. Email: karnath{at}uni-tuebingen.de.

Previous statistical voxelwise lesion-behavior mapping (VLBM) studies have demonstrated that spatial neglect is associated with cortical and subcortical gray matter damage. However, it has also been suggested that the disorder may result from white matter injury. Our aim was to investigate the white matter connectivity in a large sample of 140 stroke patients. We combined a VLBM approach with the histological maps of the human white matter fiber tracts provided by the Jülich probabilistic cytoarchitectonic atlas. We found that damage of right perisylvian white matter connections—the superior longitudinal fasciculus, the inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus, and the superior occipitofrontal fasciculus—is a typical finding in patients with spatial neglect. However, the analysis also revealed that the largest portion of the lesion area, namely between 89.1% and 96.6%, affected brain structures other than the perisylvian white matter fiber tracts. Predominantly, these included gray matter structures such as the superior temporal, inferior parietal, inferior frontal, and insular cortices, as well as subcortically the putamen and the caudate nucleus. Damage of gray matter structures thus appears to be a strong predictor of spatial neglect.

Key Words: attention • human • spatial neglect • stroke • superior longitudinal fasciculus • superior occipitofrontal fasciculus • visual search • white matter


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