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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on June 22, 2007
Cerebral Cortex 2008 18(3):610-625; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm094
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Spectrotemporal Analysis of Evoked and Induced Electroencephalographic Responses in Primary Auditory Cortex (A1) of the Awake Monkey

Mitchell Steinschneider1, Yonatan I. Fishman1 and Joseph C. Arezzo2

1 Department of Neurology, Rose F. Kennedy Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA, 2 Department of Neuroscience, Rose F. Kennedy Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA

Address correspondence to Mitchell Steinschneider, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Rose F. Kennedy Center, Room 322, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA. Email: steinsch{at}aecom.yu.edu.

Electroencephalography is increasingly being used to probe the functional organization of auditory cortex. Modulation of the electroencephalographic (EEG) signal by tones was examined in primary auditory cortex (A1) of awake monkeys. EEG data were measured at 4 laminar depths defined by current source density profiles evoked by best frequency (BF) tones. Midlaminar multiunit activity was used to define the tuning characteristics of A1 sites. Presentation of BF tones increased EEG power across the range of frequencies examined (4–290 Hz), with maximal effects evident within the first 100 ms after stimulus onset. The largest relative increases in EEG power generally occurred at very high gamma frequency bands (130–210 Hz). Increases in EEG power for frequencies less than 70 Hz primarily represented changes in phase-locked activity, whereas increases at higher frequencies primarily represented changes in non–phase-locked activity. Power increases in higher gamma bands were better correlated with the A1 tonotopic organization than power increases in lower frequency bands. Results were similar across the 4 laminar depths examined. These findings highlight the value of examining high-frequency EEG components in exploring the functional organization of auditory cortex and may enhance interpretation of related studies in humans.

Key Words: auditory evoked potentials • EEG • electroencephalography • gamma activity • tonotopic organization


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