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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on June 18, 2007
Cerebral Cortex 2008 18(3):553-562; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm092
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Six3 Controls the Neural Progenitor Status in the Murine CNS

Irene Appolloni1,2,3, Filippo Calzolari1,2,3, Giorgio Corte1,3, Roberto Perris2,4 and Paolo Malatesta1,3

1 Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro (IST), Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, 2 Laboratory of Tumour Biology and Stem Cells, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Anthropology, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, 3 Dipartimento di Biologia, Oncologia e Genetica, Università di Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, 4 Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy, Division for Experimental Oncology 2, The National Cancer Institute, Aviano, CRO Via Pedemontana Occidentale 12, Aviano 33081, Italy

Address correspondence to email: paolo.malatesta{at}istge.it.

Six3, a homeodomain-containing transcriptional regulator belonging to the Six/so family, shows a defined spatiotemporal expression pattern in the developing murine telencephalon, suggesting that it may control the development of specific subsets of neural progenitors. We find that retrovirus-mediated misexpression of Six3 causes clonal expansion of isolated cortical progenitor cells by shortening their cell cycle and by prolonging their amplification period, while maintaining them in an immature precursor state. Our results show that the observed effects exerted by Six3 overexpression in mammalian brain depend strictly on the integrity of its DNA-binding domain, suggesting that Six3 action likely relies exclusively on its transcriptional activity. In vivo upregulation of Six3 expression in single progenitor cells of the embryonic telencephalon keeps them in an undifferentiated state. Our observations point to a role of Six3 in the control of the subtle equilibrium between proliferation and differentiation of defined precursor populations during mammalian neurogenesis.

Key Words: homeobox transcription factors • neural stem cells • retroviral lineage tracing


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