Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on November 6, 2006
Cerebral Cortex 2007 17(9):2030-2038; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl111
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fragments of a Larger Whole: Retrieval Cues Constrain Observed Neural Correlates of Memory Encoding
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University College London (UCL), 17 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AR, UK
Address correspondence to Leun J. Otten, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AR, UK. Email: l.otten{at}ucl.ac.uk.
Laying down a new memory involves activity in a number of brain regions. Here, it is shown that the particular regions associated with successful encoding depend on the way in which memory is probed. Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging signals were acquired while subjects performed an incidental encoding task on a series of visually presented words denoting objects. A recognition memory test using the Remember/Know procedure to separate responses based on recollection and familiarity followed 1 day later. Critically, half of the studied objects were cued with a corresponding spoken word, and half with a corresponding picture. Regardless of cue, activity in prefrontal and hippocampal regions predicted subsequent recollection of a word. Type of retrieval cue modulated activity in prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. Words subsequently recognized on the basis of a sense of familiarity were at study also associated with differential activity in a number of brain regions, some of which were probe dependent. Thus, observed neural correlates of successful encoding are constrained by type of retrieval cue, and are only fragments of all encoding-related neural activity. Regions exhibiting cue-specific effects may be sites that support memory through the degree of overlap between the processes engaged during encoding and those engaged during retrieval.
Key Words: encoding • episodic memory • fMRI • recognition • retrieval • transfer-appropriate processing
Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by a Wellcome Trust open-access grant to University College London.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. Park, M. R. Uncapher, and M. D. Rugg Effects of study task on the neural correlates of source encoding Learn. Mem., May 29, 2008; 15(6): 417 - 425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|