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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on June 19, 2006
Cerebral Cortex 2007 17(5):1129-1138; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl022
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© 2006 The Authors
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Enhanced Motion Sensitivity Follows Saccadic Suppression in the Superior Temporal Sulcus of the Macaque Cortex

MR Ibbotson1,2, NSC Price1,4, NA Crowder1, S Ono2 and MJ Mustari2,3

1 Visual Sciences, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, 2 Visual Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA, 3 Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA, 4 Current address: Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA

Address correspondence to Michael R. Ibbotson, PhD, Visual Sciences, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Email: Michael.Ibbotson{at}anu.edu.au.

The responses of neurons in the middle temporal and medial superior temporal areas of macaque cortex are suppressed during saccades compared with saccade-like stimulus movements. We utilized the short-latency ocular following paradigm to show that this saccadic suppression is followed by postsaccadic enhancement of motion responses. The level of enhancement decays with a time constant of 100 ms from saccade end. The speed of ocular following is also enhanced after saccades and decays over a similar time course, suggesting a link between the neural and behavioral effects. There is some evidence that maximum postsaccadic enhancement occurs when cells are stimulated at their optimum speeds. Latencies of motion responses are saccade dependent: 37 ms for saccade-generated motion, 45 ms for motion in the half-second after saccades, and 70 ms with no prior saccades. The finding that saccades alter response latencies may partially explain perceptual time compression during saccades and time dilation after saccades.

Key Words: chronostasis • Macaca mulatta • ocular following • saccades • saccadic suppression

Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by the Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Visual Science.


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