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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on February 8, 2007
Cerebral Cortex 2007 17(11):2650-2658; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl173
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

The Feeling of Familiarity of Music and Odors: The Same Neural Signature?

Jane Plailly, Barbara Tillmann and Jean-Pierre Royet

Neurosciences & Systèmes Sensoriels, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5020, IFR 19, Institut Fédératif des Neurosciences de Lyon, 69366 Lyon cedex 07, France

Address correspondence to Jane Plailly, Neurosciences & Systèmes Sensoriels, UMR CNRS 5020, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 50 avenue Tony Garnier, 69366 Lyon cedex 07, France. Email: plailly{at}olfac.univ-lyon1.fr

The feeling of familiarity can be triggered by stimuli from all sensory modalities, suggesting a multimodal nature of its neural bases. In the present experiment, we investigated this hypothesis by studying the neural bases of familiarity processing of odors and music. In particular, we focused on familiarity referring to the participants' life experience. Items were classified as familiar or unfamiliar based on participants' individual responses, and activation patterns evoked by familiar items were compared with those evoked by unfamiliar items. For the feeling of familiarity, a bimodal activation pattern was observed in the left hemisphere, specifically the superior and inferior frontal gyri, the precuneus, the angular gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus, and the hippocampus. Together with previously reported data on verbal items, visual items, and auditory items other than music, this outcome suggests a multimodal neural system of the feeling of familiarity. The feeling of unfamiliarity was related to a smaller bimodal activation pattern mainly located in the right insula and likely related to the detection of novelty.

Key Words: feeling of unfamiliarity • fMRI • multimodality • novelty • recognition memory


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