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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on December 26, 2006
Cerebral Cortex 2007 17(10):2420-2432; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl150
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Function and Connectivity in Human Primary Auditory Cortex: A Combined fMRI and DTI Study at 3 Tesla

Jaymin Upadhyay1,2, Mathieu Ducros1, Tracey A. Knaus3,4, Kristen A. Lindgren3,4, Andrew Silver3,4, Helen Tager-Flusberg3,4 and Dae-Shik Kim1,3

1 Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University, School of Medicine, 715 Albany St., X-B01, Boston, MA, USA, 2 Program in Neuroscience, Boston University, 5 Cummington St., Boston, MA, USA, 3 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany St., L-1004, Boston, MA, USA, 4 Lab of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany St., L-814, Boston, MA, USA

Address correspondence to Dae-Shik Kim, PhD, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 715 Albany Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA. Email: dskim{at}bu.edu.

Human primary auditory cortex (PAC) is functionally organized in a tonotopic manner. Past studies have used neuroimaging to characterize tonotopic organization in PAC and found similar organization as that described in mammals. In contrast to what is known about PAC in primates and nonprimates, in humans, the structural connectivity within PAC has not been defined. In this study, stroboscopic event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was utilized to reveal mirror symmetric tonotopic organization consisting of a high–low–high frequency gradient in PAC. Furthermore, diffusion tensor tractography and probabilistic mapping was used to study projection patterns within tonotopic areas. Based on earlier physiological and histological work in nonhuman PAC, we hypothesized the existence of cross-field isofrequency (homotopic) and within-field nonisofrequency (heterotopic)–specific axonal projections in human PAC. The presence of both projections types was found in all subjects. Specifically, the number of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) reconstructed fibers projecting between high- and low-frequency regions was greater than those fibers projecting between 2 high-frequency areas, the latter of which are located in distinct auditory fields. The fMRI and DTI results indicate that functional and structural properties within early stages of the auditory processing stream are preserved across multiple mammalian species at distinct evolutionary levels.

Key Words: diffusion tensor tractography • functional MRI • human auditory cortex • mirror symmetric • tonotopy


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 J. Neurosci.Home page
J. Upadhyay, A. Silver, T. A. Knaus, K. A. Lindgren, M. Ducros, D.-S. Kim, and H. Tager-Flusberg
Effective and Structural Connectivity in the Human Auditory Cortex
J. Neurosci., March 26, 2008; 28(13): 3341 - 3349.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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