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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on November 9, 2005
Cerebral Cortex 2006 16(9):1289-1295; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj071
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Brain Processing of the Signals Ascending Through Unmyelinated C Fibers in Humans: An Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Yunhai Qiu1,3, Yasuki Noguchi1,3, Manabu Honda2,3,4, Hiroki Nakata1,3, Yohei Tamura1, Satoshi Tanaka2,3, Norihiro Sadato2,3,4, Xiaohong Wang1, Koji Inui1,3 and Ryusuke Kakigi1,3,5

1 Department of Integrative Physiology and 2 Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan, 3 Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan and 4 SORST and 5 RISTEX, Japan Science and Technology Corp Agency (JST), Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan

Address correspondence to Ryusuke Kakigi, MD, PhD, Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. Email: kakigi{at}nips.ac.jp.

Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to investigate brain processing of the signals ascending from peripheral C and A{delta} fibers evoked by phasic laser stimuli on the right hand in humans. The stimulation of both C and A{delta} nociceptors activated the bilateral thalamus, bilateral secondary somatosensory cortex, right (ipsilateral) middle insula, and bilateral Brodmann's area (BA) 24/32, with the majority of activity found in the posterior portion of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). However, magnitude of activity in the right (ipsilateral) BA32/8/6, including dorsal parts in the anterior portion of the ACC (aACC) and pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), and the bilateral anterior insula was significantly stronger following the stimulation of C nociceptors than A{delta} nociceptors. It was concluded that the activation of C nociceptors, related to second pain, evokes different brain processing from that of A{delta} nociceptors, related to first pain, probably due to the differences in the emotional and motivational aspects of either pain, which are mainly related to the aACC, pre-SMA, and anterior insula.

Key Words: ACC (anterior cingulate cortex) • A{delta} fiber • C fiber • fMRI • pain


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