Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on September 29, 2005
Cerebral Cortex 2006 16(7):969-977; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj039
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An fMRI Study of Verbal Self-monitoring: Neural Correlates of Auditory Verbal Feedback
1 Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK, 2 Department of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil and 3 Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Address correspondence to Dr C. Fu, Institute of Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, 103 Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK. Email: c.fu{at}iop.kcl.ac.uk.
The ability to recognize one's own inner speech is essential for a sense of self. The verbal self-monitoring model proposes that this process entails a communication from neural regions involved in speech production to areas of speech perception. According to the model, if the expected verbal feedback matches the perceived feedback, then there would be no change in activation in the lateral temporal cortices. We investigated the neural correlates of verbal self-monitoring in a functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) study. Thirteen healthy male volunteers read aloud presented adjectives and heard their auditory feedback which was experimentally modified. Decisions about the source of the feedback were made with a button-press response. We used a ‘clustered’ fMRI acquisition sequence, consisting of periods of relative silence in which subjects could speak aloud and hear the feedback in the absence of scanner noise, and an event-related design which allowed separate analysis of trials associated with correct attributions and misattributions. Subjects made more misattribution responses when the feedback was a distorted version of their voice. This condition showed increased superior temporal activation relative to the conditions of hearing their own voice undistorted and hearing another person's voice. Furthermore, correct attributions during this condition were associated with greater temporal activation than misattributions. These findings support the self-monitoring model as mismatches between expected and actual auditory feedback were associated with greater temporal activation.
Key Words: corollary discharge • schizophrenia • self-monitoring • speech • temporal cortex
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