Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on August 17, 2005
Cerebral Cortex 2006 16(5):696-711; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj015
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Dendritic Branch Typing and Spine Expression Patterns in Cortical Nonpyramidal Cells
Division of Cerebral Circuitry, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Aichi Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
Address correspondence to Yasuo Kawaguchi, Division of Cerebral Circuitry, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan. Email: yasuo{at}nips.ac.jp.
To understand the dendritic differentiation in various types of cortical nonpyramidal cells, we analyzed quantitatively their dendritic branching and spine expression. The dendritic internode and interspine interval obeyed exponential distributions with type-specific decay constants. The initial branching pattern, internode interval and spine density at the light microscopic level divided nonpyramidal cells into three dendritic types, correlated with axonal, neurochemical and firing types. The initial branching pattern determined the overall vertical spread of dendrites. Basket cell subtypes with different firing and chemical expression patterns were distinct in the vertical and horizontal spatial spread, providing diverse input territories. Internode densities of dendritic spines, as well as those of axonal synaptic boutons, did not correlate with the tortuosities and intervals, suggesting a tendency to distribute synapses homogeneously over the arbor. Dendritic spines identified at the electron microscopic level were different in length and shape among subtypes. Although the density was lower than that of pyramidal cells, spines themselves were also composed of several morphological types such as mushroom and multihead ones, which were expressed differentially among subtypes. Correlation of dendritic branching characteristics with differences in spine structure suggests distinct ways to receive specific inputs among the subtypes.
Key Words: basket cell • double bouquet cell • fast-spiking cell • interneuron • Martinotti cell • neurogliaform cell
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