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Cerebral Cortex Advance Access originally published online on January 18, 2006
Cerebral Cortex 2006 16(12):1783-1789; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj113
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Differential Functions of Lateral and Medial Rostral Prefrontal Cortex (Area 10) Revealed by Brain–Behavior Associations

Sam J. Gilbert1, Stephanie Spengler1, Jon S. Simons1, Christopher D. Frith2 and Paul W. Burgess1

1 Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University College London, London, UK, 2 Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK

Address correspondence to Dr Sam J. Gilbert, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, 17 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AR, UK. Email: sam.gilbert{at}ucl.ac.uk.

We analyzed the behavioral data from 104 neuroimaging studies using positron emission tomography or functional magnetic resonance imaging that reported activation peaks in rostral prefrontal cortex (PFC), approximating Brodmann's area 10. The distribution of absolute x coordinates of activation peaks (i.e., x coordinate regardless of hemisphere) differed significantly from a unimodal normal distribution, reflecting distinct clusters of activation in lateral and medial subregions. These 2 clusters were associated with different patterns of behavioral data. Lateral activations were associated with contrasts between experimental and control conditions where response times (RTs) were slower in the experimental condition. Medial activations were associated with contrasts where RTs were, if anything, faster in experimental than control conditions. These findings place important constraints on theories of rostral PFC functions.

Key Words: Brodmann's area 10 • fMRI • frontal pole • meta-analysis • PET • response time


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