Cerebral Cortex, Vol. 12, No. 3, 269-280,
March 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press
Intraoperative Intrinsic Optical Imaging of Neuronal Activity from Subdivisions of the Human Primary Somatosensory Cortex
1 Department of Physiology and , 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8519, , 3 Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories Inc., Okayama 701-0221 and , 4 JAIC College of Medical-Care and Welfare Technology, Fukushima 963-8834, Japan
Katsushige Sato, Department of Physiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan. Email: katsushige.phy2{at}tmd.ac.jp.
We performed intrinsic optical imaging of neuronal activity induced by peripheral stimulation from the human primary somatosensory cortex during brain tumor surgery for 11 patients. After craniotomy and dura reflection, the cortical surface was illuminated with a xenon light through an operating microscope. The reflected light passed through a bandpass filter, and we acquired functional images using an intrinsic optical imaging system. Electrical stimulation of the median nerve, or the first and fifth digits, induced biphasic intrinsic optical signals which consisted of a decrease in light reflectance followed by an increase. The decrease in light reflectance was imaged, and we identified a neural response area within the crown of the postcentral gyrus. In experiments on first and fifth digit stimulation, we identified optical responses in separated areas within the crown of the postcentral gyrus, i.e. near the central sulcus and near the postcentral sulcus. In the former response area, separate representations of the two fingers were observed, whereas in the latter response area, the two fingers were represented in the same region. A similar somatotopic representation was observed with electrical stimulation of the first and third branches of the trigeminal nerve. These results seem to support the hypothesis of hierarchical organization in the human primary somatosensory cortex.
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