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Cerebral Cortex, Vol. 11, No. 8, 754-760, August 2001
© 2001 Oxford University Press

Functional Anatomy of Musical Perception in Musicians

Takashi Ohnishi, Hiroshi Matsuda, Takashi Asada, Makoto Aruga1,, Makiko Hirakata1,, Masami Nishikawa, Asako Katoh and Etsuko Imabayashi

Department of Radiology and Psychiatry, National Center Hospital of Mental, Nervous and Muscular Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry and , 1 Department of Music, Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music, 4-1-1 Ogawa higashi, Kodaira City, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan

The present study used functional magnetic resonance to examine the cerebral activity pattern associated with musical perception in musicians and non-musicians. Musicians showed left dominant secondary auditory areas in the temporal cortex and the left posterior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during a passive music listening task, whereas non-musicians demonstrated right dominant secondary auditory areas during the same task. A significant difference in the degree of activation between musicians and non-musicians was noted in the bilateral planum temporale and the left posterior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The degree of activation of the left planum temporale correlated well with the age at which the person had begun musical training. Furthermore, the degree of activation in the left posterior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the left planum temporale correlated significantly with absolute pitch ability. The results indicated distinct neural activity in the auditory association areas and the prefrontal cortex of trained musicians. We suggest that such activity is associated with absolute pitch ability and the use-dependent functional reorganization produced by the early commencement of long-term training.


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