Cerebral Cortex, Vol. 10, No. 6, 602-613,
June 2000
© 2000 Oxford University Press
Disruption of Neuronal Migration and Radial Glia in the Developing Cerebral Cortex Following Ablation of Cajal–Retzius Cells
Department of Animal and Plant Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain
Cortical neurons are generated within the proliferative layer and follow a strict ‘inside-out’ gradient of migration and positioning, which determines the characteristic layering and pattern of neural connections in the adult cerebral cortex. Thus, directional migration of postmitotic neuroblasts towards layer I and regulation of the radial glia phenotype subserving cortical migration are central issues in corticogenesis. Recent studies showing that the gene disrupted in the reeler mutation – reelin – is expressed in Cajal–Retzius cells have indicated a role for these pioneer neurons in cortical migration. We show here that ablation of Cajal–Retzius cells in layer I by local application of domoic acid in newborn mice arrests migration of the late-generated neurons, destined to cortical layers II–III, that have been labeled by 5-bromodeoxyuridine injections administered at E16. In addition, degeneration of Cajal–Retzius cells in newborn mice dramatically decreases the number of radial glial apical processes identified by nestin-immunostaining, but increases the number of maturing glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes. These findings support an essential role for Cajal–Retzius cells in neuronal migration and corticogenesis, by regulating the identity and function of radial glia and the radial glia-to-astrocyte transformation.
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